Open-weight artificial intelligence models are now almost as capable of hacking into computer networks as the best closed ones, according to new research that heralds a much-anticipated turning point in the cybersecurity landscape.

Vals, a company that measures AI capabilities, set out to test how well different AI models could carry out complex, multi-step network instructions on mock corporate networks.

“The best frontier models, locked up inside the labs and available only through trusted access programs, are now starting to be matched by open models that anybody can download,” says Nikil Rav, a researcher at Vals.